1899, Jiang entered Qiushi Academy in Hangzhou through examination . Afer becoming Xiucai in 1898, Jiang went abroad to study in the Imperial Japanese Army Academy. He graduated with the highest score and was honored a sword by Emperor Shōwa. He joined Tongmenghui during his time in Japan. After returning from Japan, he was sent to Germany for further military studying.
In 1912, Jiang became the principle of the Baoding Military Academy. He attempted suicide in 1913 for he was unable to get the fund he promised to his student from the Department of Military. Although his suicide was stopped by his bodyguards, he won a reputation of putting his words above his life.
In the warlord era, Jiang served as Wu Peifu's chief of staff, however he resigned after Wu turned down his plan to ally with the Guangdong government. In 1935 Jiang accepted Chiang Kai-shek's invitation to become senior adviser in the National Military Council, and remained in the post until in 1938. In 1938, Jiang died of illness shortly after being appointed the principle of the . He was honored the General rank after his death.
Jiang was married to a Japanese nurse, Sat? Yato. His third daughter became a musician, and married Tsien Hsue-shen, the father of Chinese rocketry.
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